Android网络API是一组用于在Android设备上进行网络通信的类和方法。这些API允许开发者使用HTTP、HTTPS等协议与服务器进行通信,实现数据传输和处理。
在Android中,网络API是用于与服务器进行通信的一组类和方法,这些API允许应用程序从服务器获取数据、发送请求和处理响应,以下是一些常用的Android网络API:
1、HttpURLConnection
2、OkHttp
3、Retrofit
4、Volley
1. HttpURLConnection
HttpURLConnection是Android内置的一个HTTP客户端,可以用来发送HTTP请求和接收HTTP响应,它支持GET、POST、PUT、DELETE等HTTP方法。
主要方法:
connect()
: 建立连接
getInputStream()
: 获取输入流,读取服务器返回的数据
getResponseCode()
: 获取HTTP响应码
getHeaderField(String name)
: 获取指定名称的响应头字段值
示例代码:
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { URL url = new URL("https://api.example.com/data"); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); connection.setRequestMethod("GET"); connection.setConnectTimeout(5000); connection.setReadTimeout(5000); connection.connect(); int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode(); if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) { BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream())); String line; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { Log.d("MainActivity", line); } reader.close(); } else { Log.e("MainActivity", "请求失败,响应码:" + responseCode); } connection.disconnect(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }).start(); } }
2. OkHttp
OkHttp是一个高效的HTTP客户端,用于Android和Java应用,它支持同步和异步请求,可以缓存请求结果,支持连接池等特性。
主要方法:
newCall(Request request)
: 创建一个新的请求并执行,返回一个Call
对象,用于发送请求和处理响应。
enqueue(Callback callback, Object tag)
: 将请求添加到队列中,异步执行,当请求完成时,会调用回调函数。
cancel()
: 取消当前请求,如果请求已经完成或者没有正在执行的请求,此方法无效。
execute()
: 同步执行请求,返回响应结果,注意:这个方法会阻塞主线程,不建议在UI线程中使用。
示例代码:
import okhttp3.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import okhttp3.logging.HttpLoggingInterceptor; import okhttp3.logging.OkHttpLogger; import okhttp3.logging.Level; import org.json.JSONObject; import org.json.JSONArray; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.concurrent.*; // for futures and promises in the examples below, if needed... // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingfuturesandpromisesinokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingasynccallbackswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingsynchronizationwithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingtimeoutswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingcookieswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usinginterceptorswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingproxieswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingssltlssocketfactorywithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners // https://github.com/square/okhttp/wiki/Recipes#usingcacheswithokhttpclientscallsandlisteners// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/Call.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/Callback.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/ResponseBody.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/ResponseBodySourceCallbacksAdapterFactory$SourceCallbacksAdapter$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttp/okhttp3/ResponseBodySourceCallbacksAdapterFactory$SourceCallbacksAdapter$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$1$.html// http://square.github.io/okhttp/3.x/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addInterceptorBuilder$addInterceptorBuilder$addInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addNetworkInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addCacheInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addProtocolInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$OkHttpClientBuilderConfigurationBuilder$addProxyInterceptorBuilder().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$build().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addNetworkInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addCacheInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addProtocolInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$addProxyInterceptor().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/OkHttpClientBuilder$build().html// http://square.github.io/okhttpclient/CallExecutorServiceCallExecuterFactory$$Lambda$79684697254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254997254lambda~
以下是一个关于Android网络API的介绍示例,该介绍列出了常用的网络API类别、对应的主要功能以及一些常见的库或方法。
这个介绍仅作为参考,实际开发中可以根据项目需求选择合适的网络API和技术。
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